Development programs, security, and violence reduction: Evidence from an insurgency in India

Heidi Kaila, Saurabh Singhal and Divya Tuteja

World Development, 2020, vol. 130, issue C

Abstract: India has employed a variety of military, political and economic measures to combat the long running insurgency in Kashmir with little evidence on what contributes to stability in the region. This paper uses a variety of tests to detect structural breaks in the time series for violence over the period 1998–2017. We identify a transition from a high violence regime to a low violence regime that coincides with (i) the fencing of the border with Pakistan (ii) the implementation of a large-scale development program, and (iii) the phasing in of the Indian National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (NREGS). Panel data analysis using district-level data further corroborate these findings. Our results highlight the complementary roles of development programs and security in reducing violence.

Keywords: Conflict; Multiple structural breaks; Development programs; Security; Jammu and Kashmir (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C22 D74 F51 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (6)

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:wdevel:v:130:y:2020:i:c:s0305750x20300371

DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.104911

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