 Unraveling financial exclusion during the COVID-19 pandemic: A gender perspective in Latin American countriesMarie-Anne Lorain, Jesús Barreal Pernas, Gil Jannes, Elena Urquía Grande, Pilar López Sánchez and Javier Sierra World Development, 2025, vol. 188, issue C Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected mainly the most vulnerable population in developing countries. This research focuses on financial inclusion, with an emphasis on digital financing among men and women in Latin American countries. The analysis combines a qualitative and quantitative perspective. We first perform a comprehensive literature review of financial inclusion in developing countries, with a focus on gender gap, pre- and post-COVID. An extensive sample of Latin American countries is then studied in detail through the World Bank Global Findex Questionnaire. A series of questions is identified in relation to financial inclusion, such as financial and mobile account ownership and their use for bill payments, or debit and credit card ownership, and the differences in terms of gender are analyzed statistically. This analysis is complemented by an econometric modelization to identify the significance and strength of the variables that determine financial inclusion. Keywords: Financial inclusion; Digital finance; Gender; COVID-19; Latin America (search for similar items in EconPapers) Downloads: (external link) Related works: Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:wdevel:v:188:y:2025:i:c:s0305750x25000075 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.106924 Access Statistics for this article World Development is currently edited by O. T. Coomes More articles in World Development from Elsevier |
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