A Perspective on Nigeria’s Preparedness, Response and Challenges to Mitigating the Spread of COVID-19

Madubuike Umunna Anyanwu, Ishmael Jaja Festus, Obichukwu Chisom Nwobi, Chinwe-Juliana Iwu Jaja and James Wabwire Oguttu
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Madubuike Umunna Anyanwu: Microbiology Unit, Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 400001, Nigeria
Ishmael Jaja Festus: Risk and Vulnerability Science Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa
Obichukwu Chisom Nwobi: Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 400001, Nigeria
Chinwe-Juliana Iwu Jaja: Risk and Vulnerability Science Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa
James Wabwire Oguttu: Department of Livestock and Pasture Science, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa

Challenges, 2020, vol. 11, issue 2, 1-15

Abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel disease pandemic that emerged in late 2019 in China, and later spread to other parts of the world, including Nigeria. This review analyzes the preparedness of Nigeria to the COVID-19 pandemic and recommends strategies that could be useful in controlling the disease. Published articles on COVID-19 worldwide, socioeconomic and disease status and preparedness to COVID-19 in Africa and Nigeria, were retrieved from databases such as Pubmed, MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Knowledge and Google search engine. Nigeria is the most populous black nation in the world, and is one of the largest crude oil producers in the world. However, its healthcare system is dilapidated and weak, due to years of neglect and widespread corruption. As a result, Nigeria is vulnerable to COVID-19, as evidenced by the current geographical distribution of the disease in its population. Many socioeconomic factors could potentially facilitate the spread of COVID-19 in Nigeria. This could lead to a high caseload in the country, which could overwhelm the health care system. The application of social distancing, personal hygiene, especially hand hygiene and mask-wearing, as practiced in many countries, has proven to be effective to reduce the spread of COVID-19. In Nigeria, social distancing, in many instances, may be impracticable, given its large population, and a high density of people living in crowded conditions like slums and camps. Moreover, there is a sizeable population of internally displaced people, due to the attack by Boko Haram fighters in Northern Nigeria, and herdsmen in Southern Nigeria. The implementation of these measures is likely to be a great challenge. Nigeria has announced a complete lockdown for the containment of COVD-19, but its implementation and efficacy are doubtful, due to the same reasons previously mentioned.

Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; Boko Haram; health care systems; pandemic; social distancing (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: A00 C00 Z00 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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