The Exergetic, Environmental and Economic Effect of the Hydrostatic Design Static Pressure Level on the Pipe Dimensions of Low-Energy District Heating Networks

Hakan İbrahim Tol and Svend Svendsen
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Hakan İbrahim Tol: Department of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Kongens Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark
Svend Svendsen: Department of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Kongens Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark

Challenges, 2013, vol. 4, issue 1, 1-16

Abstract: Low-Energy District Heating (DH) systems, providing great energy savings by means of very low operating temperatures of 55 °C and 25 °C for supply and return respectively, were considered to be the 4th generation of the DH systems for a low-energy future. Low-temperature operation is considered to be used in a low-energy DH network to carry the heat produced by renewable and/or low grade energy sources to low-energy Danish buildings. In this study, a comparison of various design considerations with different levels of maximum design static pressures was performed, and their results evaluated in terms of energetic, exergetic, economic, and environmental perspectives.

Keywords: low-energy; low-temperature; district heating; substation; pressure loss; maximum static pressure; optimization; environmental impact (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: A00 C00 Z00 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2013
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jchals:v:4:y:2013:i:1:p:1-16:d:23043

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