Delipidation of Chicken Feathers by Lipolytic Bacillus Species Isolated from River-Borne Sediments

Tariro Shiri, Nonso E. Nnolim () and Uchechukwu U. Nwodo
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Tariro Shiri: Patho-Biocatalysis Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa
Nonso E. Nnolim: Patho-Biocatalysis Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa
Uchechukwu U. Nwodo: Patho-Biocatalysis Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa

Clean Technol., 2023, vol. 5, issue 4, 1-13

Abstract: Though the keratin content of chicken feathers is being explored for many potential uses, the crude lipid content of the biomass significantly hinders the valorization processes. Therefore, this study explored the potential of bacteria isolated from sediment for lipolytic properties. Sediment-associated strains were evaluated for lipolytic activity on tween 80–peptone agar. The best lipolytic bacterium was used to break down the lipid content of chicken feathers. The results showed that out of six bacterial strains with variable lipolytic activity, strain TTs1 showed the largest zone of precipitate around the colony, which is why it was selected and identified as Bacillus sp. TTs1. The maximum lipase production of 1530.5 U/mL by strain TTs1 was achieved at 96 h post-fermentation, with optimal process conditions of initial pH (10), incubation temperature (45 °C), agitation speed (140 rpm), inoculum size (2% v / v ) and tween 80 (10% v / v ). The total free fatty acid (0.58%) was liberated from chicken feathers at a concentration of 6% ( w / v ). Crude fat extraction from both untreated and TTs1-pretreated chicken feathers showed fat contents of 2.1 ± 0.42% and 0.92 ± 0.13%, respectively. The findings of this study highlight the biotechnological relevance of strain TTs1 in lipase production and the sustainable delipidation of lipid-rich bioresources.

Keywords: chicken feather; fatty acid; delipidation; biomass valorization; Bacillus sp. (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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