Ex Situ Carbon Mineralization for CO 2 Capture Using Industrial Alkaline Wastes—Optimization and Future Prospects: A Review

Hamideh Hamedi, Giovanna Gonzales-Calienes and Jalil Shadbahr ()
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Hamideh Hamedi: Clean Energy Innovation Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada
Giovanna Gonzales-Calienes: Clean Energy Innovation Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada
Jalil Shadbahr: Clean Energy Innovation Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada

Clean Technol., 2025, vol. 7, issue 2, 1-37

Abstract: Carbon mineralization has attracted great interest as a promising strategy to achieve a decarbonized pathway by 2050. Despite the significant environmental and economic promise associated with using industrial solid waste for carbon mineralization, the scale-up application of this approach is limited due to its low reactivity and relatively high cost. A clear understanding of the detailed mechanisms governing various carbonation techniques is needed to achieve high CO 2 conversion efficiency. This review can provide valuable insight into carbon mineralization pathways, advantages and challenges, and potential feedstocks. Factors affecting reaction kinetics, and thereby carbonation efficiency, are also discussed. Then, we focus on the research progress of the most representative industrial solid wastes for CO 2 mineralization, process conditions, and their carbonation potential. Lastly, a market analysis of the precipitated carbonate products is provided to assess economic feasibility for practical applications.

Keywords: enhanced mineralization; carbon dioxide removal; CO 2 sequestration; carbon mineralization; industrial waste (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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