Control for a DC Microgrid for Photovoltaic–Wind Generation with a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell, Battery Storage, Dump Load (Aqua-Electrolyzer) and Three-Phase Four-Leg Inverter (4L4W)

Krakdia Mohamed Taieb () and Lassaad Sbita ()
Additional contact information
Krakdia Mohamed Taieb: PEESE (Processes, Energetics, Environments and Electrical Systems) Research Laboratory LR18ES34, National Engineering School of Gabes, University of Gabes, St Omar Ibn-Elkhattab, Zrig, Gabes 6029, Tunisia
Lassaad Sbita: PEESE (Processes, Energetics, Environments and Electrical Systems) Research Laboratory LR18ES34, National Engineering School of Gabes, University of Gabes, St Omar Ibn-Elkhattab, Zrig, Gabes 6029, Tunisia

Clean Technol., 2025, vol. 7, issue 3, 1-70

Abstract: This paper proposes a nonlinear control strategy for a microgrid, comprising a PV generator, wind turbine, battery, solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), electrolyzer, and a three-phase four-leg voltage source inverter (VSI) with an LC filter. The microgrid is designed to supply unbalanced AC loads while maintaining high power quality. To address chattering and enhance control precision, a super-twisting algorithm (STA) is integrated, outperforming traditional PI, IP, and classical SMC methods. The four-leg VSI enables independent control of each phase using a dual-loop strategy (inner voltage, outer current loop). Stability is ensured through Lyapunov-based analysis. Scalar PWM is used for inverter switching. The battery, SOFC, and electrolyzer are controlled using integral backstepping, while the SOFC and electrolyzer also use Lyapunov-based voltage control. A hybrid integral backstepping–STA strategy enhances PV performance; the wind turbine is managed via integral backstepping for power tracking. The system achieves voltage and current THD below 0.40%. An energy management algorithm maintains power balance under variable generation and load conditions. Simulation results confirm the control scheme’s robustness, stability, and dynamic performance.

Keywords: wind turbine; PV generator; battery; SOFC; dump load (aqua-electrolyzer); integral backstepping controller; Lyapunov function-based controller; second-order sliding-mode controller; energy management algorithm; AC linear; nonlinear; balanced; unbalanced load (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/2571-8797/7/3/79/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/2571-8797/7/3/79/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jcltec:v:7:y:2025:i:3:p:79-:d:1741970

Access Statistics for this article

Clean Technol. is currently edited by Ms. Shary Song

More articles in Clean Technol. from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().