Modular Multilevel Converters: Control and Applications

Fernando Martinez-Rodrigo, Dionisio Ramirez, Alexis B. Rey-Boue, Santiago De Pablo and Luis Carlos Herrero- de Lucas
Additional contact information
Fernando Martinez-Rodrigo: Department of Electronics Technology, University of Valladolid, 47014 Valladolid, Spain
Dionisio Ramirez: Department of Automation, Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Industrial Computing, Technical University of Madrid (UPM), 28006 Madrid, Spain
Alexis B. Rey-Boue: Department of Electronics, Computers Technology and Projects, Universidad Politecnica de Cartagena, 30202 Cartagena, Murcia, Spain
Santiago De Pablo: Department of Electronics Technology, University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
Luis Carlos Herrero- de Lucas: Department of Electronics Technology, University of Valladolid, 47014 Valladolid, Spain

Energies, 2017, vol. 10, issue 11, 1-26

Abstract: This review article is mainly oriented to the control and applications of modular multilevel converters (MMC). The main topologies of the switching modules are presented, for normal operation and for the elimination of DC faults. Methods to keep the capacitor voltage balanced are included. The voltage and current modulators, that are the most internal loops of control, are detailed. Voltage control and current control schemes are included which regulate DC link voltage and reactive power. The cases of unbalanced and distorted networks are analyzed, and schemes are proposed so that MMC contribute to improve the quality of the grid in these situations. The main applications in high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission along with other medium voltage (MV) and low voltage (LV) applications are included. Finally, the application to offshore wind farms is specifically analyzed.

Keywords: capacitor voltage balancing; current controlled converter; D-STATCOM; harmonics; HVDC; modular multilevel converter (MMC); sinusoidal pulse-width modulation (PWM); space-vector modulation (SVM); switching modules (SM) topologies; unbalanced compensation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2017
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (21)

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/10/11/1709/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/10/11/1709/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jeners:v:10:y:2017:i:11:p:1709-:d:116568

Access Statistics for this article

Energies is currently edited by Ms. Agatha Cao

More articles in Energies from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().