Kinetics and Mechanism of NaOH-Impregnated Calcined Oyster Shell-Catalyzed Transesterification of Soybean Oil

Han Jin, Praveen Kolar, Steven W. Peretti, Jason A. Osborne and Jay J. Cheng
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Han Jin: Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-2765, USA
Praveen Kolar: Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-2765, USA
Steven W. Peretti: Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-2765, USA
Jason A. Osborne: Department of Statistics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8203, USA
Jay J. Cheng: Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-2765, USA

Energies, 2017, vol. 10, issue 11, 1-18

Abstract: The objective of this research is to develop a kinetic model to describe the transesterification of soybean oil with methanol using NaOH-impregnated calcined oyster shell (Na-COS). Batch experiments were performed via a two-factor randomized complete block design using a molar ratio of methanol to oil (MR) of 6, 12, and 18 and catalyst loadings (CL) (mass of catalyst/mass of oil in %) of 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8% to obtain fatty acid methyl ester yields. In addition, the catalyst was studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and time-of-flight secondary ion spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) to elucidate the role of the catalyst in the transesterification reaction. XRD and XPS analyses suggested that the formation of sodium peroxide (Na 2 O 2 ) on the surface contributed to catalytic activity. The TOF-SIMS analysis suggested that the transesterification occurred between adsorbed triglyceride and free methanol, similar to the Eley-Rideal mechanism. The transesterification of adsorbed triglyceride to adsorbed diglyceride was found to be the rate-determining step with a rate constant of 0.0059 ± 0.0002 L mol ?1 min ?1 .

Keywords: oyster shell; catalyst; transesterification; fatty acid methyl esters; kinetics (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2017
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

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