Lithium-Ion Battery Storage for the Grid—A Review of Stationary Battery Storage System Design Tailored for Applications in Modern Power Grids

Holger C. Hesse, Michael Schimpe, Daniel Kucevic and Andreas Jossen
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Holger C. Hesse: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 80333 Munich, Germany
Michael Schimpe: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 80333 Munich, Germany
Daniel Kucevic: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 80333 Munich, Germany
Andreas Jossen: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 80333 Munich, Germany

Energies, 2017, vol. 10, issue 12, 1-42

Abstract: Battery energy storage systems have gained increasing interest for serving grid support in various application tasks. In particular, systems based on lithium-ion batteries have evolved rapidly with a wide range of cell technologies and system architectures available on the market. On the application side, different tasks for storage deployment demand distinct properties of the storage system. This review aims to serve as a guideline for best choice of battery technology, system design and operation for lithium-ion based storage systems to match a specific system application. Starting with an overview to lithium-ion battery technologies and their characteristics with respect to performance and aging, the storage system design is analyzed in detail based on an evaluation of real-world projects. Typical storage system applications are grouped and classified with respect to the challenges posed to the battery system. Publicly available modeling tools for technical and economic analysis are presented. A brief analysis of optimization approaches aims to point out challenges and potential solution techniques for system sizing, positioning and dispatch operation. For all areas reviewed herein, expected improvements and possible future developments are highlighted. In order to extract the full potential of stationary battery storage systems and to enable increased profitability of systems, future research should aim to a holistic system level approach combining not only performance tuning on a battery cell level and careful analysis of the application requirements, but also consider a proper selection of storage sub-components as well as an optimized system operation strategy.

Keywords: battery energy storage; lithium ion; storage system design; grid connection; stationary application; operation strategy; techno-economic analysis; battery aging; storage modelling; optimization (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2017
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (100)

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