Decentralized Electric Vehicle Charging Strategies for Reduced Load Variation and Guaranteed Charge Completion in Regional Distribution Grids

Weige Zhang, Di Zhang, Biqiang Mu, Le Yi Wang, Yan Bao, Jiuchun Jiang and Hugo Morais
Additional contact information
Weige Zhang: National Active Distribution Network Technology Research Center, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
Di Zhang: National Active Distribution Network Technology Research Center, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
Biqiang Mu: The Key Laboratory of Systems and Control of CAS, Institute of Systems Science, Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Le Yi Wang: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
Yan Bao: National Active Distribution Network Technology Research Center, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
Jiuchun Jiang: National Active Distribution Network Technology Research Center, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
Hugo Morais: Research Group on Intelligent Engineering and Computing for Advanced Innovation and Development (GECAD), ISEP/IPP, 4249 Porto, Portugal

Energies, 2017, vol. 10, issue 2, 1-19

Abstract: A novel, fully decentralized strategy to coordinate charge operation of electric vehicles is proposed in this paper. Based on stochastic switching control of on-board chargers, this strategy ensures high-efficiency charging, reduces load variations to the grid during charging periods, achieves charge completion with high probability, and accomplishes approximate “valley-filling”. Further improvements on the core strategy, including individualized power management, adaptive strategies, and battery support systems, are introduced to further reduce power fluctuation variances and to guarantee charge completion. Stochastic analysis is performed to establish the main properties of the strategies and to quantitatively show the performance improvements. Compared with the existing decentralized charging strategies, the strategies proposed in this paper can be implemented without any information exchange between grid operators and electric vehicles (EVs), resulting in a communications cost reduction. Additionally, it is shown that by using stochastic charging rules, a grid-supporting battery system with a very small energy capacity can achieve substantial reduction of EV load fluctuations with high confidence. An extensive set of simulations and case studies with real-world data are used to demonstrate the benefits of the proposed strategies.

Keywords: battery storage system; decentralized charging strategy; distribution grid; electric vehicle; load variation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2017
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (16)

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