An Optimized Energy Management Strategy for Preheating Vehicle-Mounted Li-ion Batteries at Subzero Temperatures

Tao Zhu, Haitao Min, Yuanbin Yu, Zhongmin Zhao, Tao Xu, Yang Chen, Xinyong Li and Cong Zhang
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Tao Zhu: State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
Haitao Min: State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
Yuanbin Yu: State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
Zhongmin Zhao: FAW Bus and Coach Co., Ltd., Changchun 130033, China
Tao Xu: State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
Yang Chen: State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
Xinyong Li: State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
Cong Zhang: State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China

Energies, 2017, vol. 10, issue 2, 1-23

Abstract: This paper presents an optimized energy management strategy for Li-ion power batteries used on electric vehicles (EVs) at low temperatures. In low-temperature environments, EVs suffer a sharp driving range loss resulting from the energy and power capability reduction of the battery. Simultaneously, because of Li plating, battery degradation becomes an increasing concern as the temperature drops. All these factors could greatly increase the total vehicle operation cost. Prior to battery charging and vehicle operating, preheating the battery to a battery-friendly temperature is an approach to promote energy utilization and reduce total cost. Based on the proposed LiFePO 4 battery model, the total vehicle operation cost under certain driving cycles is quantified in the present paper. Then, given a certain ambient temperature, a target preheating temperature is optimized under the principle of minimizing total cost. As for the preheating method, a liquid heating system is also implemented on an electric bus. Simulation results show that the preheating process becomes increasingly necessary with decreasing ambient temperature, however, the preheating demand declines as driving range grows. Vehicle tests verify that the preheating management strategy proposed in this paper is able to save on total vehicle operation costs.

Keywords: electric vehicle (EV); battery heat generation; battery degradation; vehicle operation cost; preheating target temperature; heating system (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2017
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (10)

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