Pollutant Formation during the Occurrence of Flame Instabilities under Very-Lean Combustion Conditions in a Liquid-Fuel Burner

Maria Grazia De Giorgi, Stefano Campilongo, Antonio Ficarella, Gianluigi De Falco, Mario Commodo and Andrea D’Anna
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Maria Grazia De Giorgi: Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce LE, Italy
Stefano Campilongo: Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce LE, Italy
Antonio Ficarella: Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce LE, Italy
Gianluigi De Falco: Istituto di Ricerche sulla Combustione, CNR, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy
Mario Commodo: Istituto di Ricerche sulla Combustione, CNR, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy
Andrea D’Anna: Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale—Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy

Energies, 2017, vol. 10, issue 3, 1-15

Abstract: Recent advances in gas turbine combustor design are aimed at achieving low exhaust emissions, hence modern aircraft jet engines are designed with lean-burn combustion systems. In the present work, we report an experimental study on lean combustion in a liquid fuel burner, operated under a non-premixed (single point injection) regime that mimics the combustion in a modern aircraft engine. The flame behavior was investigated in proximity of the blow-out limit by an intensified high rate Charge-Coupled Device (CCD) camera equipped with different optical filters to selectively record single species chemiluminescence emissions (e.g., OH*, CH*). Analogous filters were also used in combination with photomultiplier (PMT) tubes. Furthermore this work investigates well-mixed lean low NO x combustion where mixing is good and generation of solid carbon particulate emissions should be very low. An analysis of pollutants such as fine particles and gaseous emissions was also performed. Particle number concentrations and size distributions were measured at the exhaust of the combustion chamber by two different particle size measuring instruments: a scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) and an Electrical Low Pressure Impactor (ELPI). NO x concentration measurements were performed by using a cross-flow modulation chemiluminescence detection system; CO concentration emissions were acquired with a Cross-flow modulation Non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) absorption method. All the measurements were completed by diagnostics of the fundamental combustor parameters. The results herein presented show that at very-lean conditions the emissions of both particulate matter and CO was found to increase most likely due to the occurrence of flame instabilities while the NO x were observed to reduce.

Keywords: lean combustion; flame instability; chemiluminescence emissions; soot (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2017
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (4)

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