Frequency Control Ancillary Service Provided by Efficient Power Plants Integrated in Queuing-Controlled Domestic Water Heaters

Yebai Qi, Dan Wang, Xuyang Wang, Hongjie Jia, Tianjiao Pu, Naishi Chen and Kaixin Liu
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Yebai Qi: Key Laboratory of Smart Grid of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
Dan Wang: Key Laboratory of Smart Grid of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
Xuyang Wang: State Power Economic Research Institute, Changping District, Beijing 102209, China
Hongjie Jia: Key Laboratory of Smart Grid of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
Tianjiao Pu: China Electric Power Research Institute, Haidian District, Beijing 100192, China
Naishi Chen: China Electric Power Research Institute, Haidian District, Beijing 100192, China
Kaixin Liu: Key Laboratory of Smart Grid of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China

Energies, 2017, vol. 10, issue 4, 1-21

Abstract: Frequency is an important parameter of a power system. It is of great significance to maintain its stability, especially in the current development scenario of large-scale interconnected power systems. Thermostatically controlled appliances (TCAs) are good controllable resources for demand response owing to their rapid response capabilities and relatively wide controllable ranges. In this study, domestic water heaters, which have wider deadbands compared with other typical TCAs, such as heat pumps, are used as frequency regulation resources. The main contribution of this paper is that it proposes a queuing-controlled strategy with lock-on and off constraints for controlling an efficient power plant consisting of water heaters (EPP-WH). The queuing-controlled strategy enables TCAs to provide frequency regulation ancillary service for the normal operation of the power system. The thermal dynamic process of the water heater and the formation of the EPP-WH are first discussed. Based on the developed model, a series of strategies are proposed, including load shedding calculation, top layer optimization, and improved temperature priority list (TPL) strategy with lock-on and off constraints. Finally, typical case studies are discussed to illustrate the frequency regulation effects and the effects of two characteristic parameters—users’ willingness and lock time limits. Reasonable targets are generated based on various consideration from top layer optimization module. The results indicate that using the model and proposed strategies, the EPP-WH has good frequency regulation performance.

Keywords: frequency control; demand response; thermostatically controlled appliance (TCA); efficient power plant (EPP); temperature priority list (TPL) strategy (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2017
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (6)

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