The Effect of Solvents on the Performance of CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 Perovskite Solar Cells

Pao-Hsun Huang, Yeong-Her Wang, Jhong-Ciao Ke and Chien-Jung Huang
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Pao-Hsun Huang: Institute of Microelectronics, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
Yeong-Her Wang: Institute of Microelectronics, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
Jhong-Ciao Ke: Institute of Microelectronics, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
Chien-Jung Huang: Department of Applied Physics, National University of Kaohsiung, Nanzih, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan

Energies, 2017, vol. 10, issue 5, 1-8

Abstract: The properties of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) fabricated using various solvents was studied. The devices had an indium tin oxide (ITO)/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)/CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 (fabricated by using various solvents)/fullerene (C 60 )/bathocuproine (BCP)/silver (Ag) structure. The solvents used were dimethylformamide (DMF), ?-butyrolactone (GBL), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), a mixture of DMSO and DMF (1:1 v / v ), and a mixture of DMSO and GBL (DMSO: GBL, 1:1 v / v ), respectively. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the device fabricated using DMF is zero, which is attributed to the poor coverage of CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 film on the substrate. In addition, the PCE of the device made using GBL is only 1.74% due to the low solubility of PbI 2 and CH 3 NH 3 I. In contrast, the PCE of the device fabricated using the solvents containing DMSO showed better performance. This is ascribed to the high solubilization properties and strong coordination of DMSO. As a result, a PCE of 9.77% was obtained using a mixed DMSO:GBL solvent due to the smooth surface, uniform film coverage on the substrate and the high crystallization of the perovskite structure. Finally, a mixed DMSO: DMF:GBL (5:2:3 v / v / v ) solvent that combined the advantages of each solvent was used to fabricate a device, leading to a further improvement of the PCE of the resulting PSC to 10.84%.

Keywords: perovskite solar cells; solvent engineering; methylammonium lead halide (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2017
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