Biodiesel Production Potential from Littered Edible Oil Fraction Using Directly Synthesized S-TiO 2 /MCM-41 Catalyst in Esterification Process via Non-Catalytic Subcritical Hydrolysis

Md Sufi Ullah Siddik Bhuyan, Abul Hasnat Md Ashraful Alam, Younghwan Chu and Yong Chan Seo
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Md Sufi Ullah Siddik Bhuyan: Department of Environmental Engineering, Sangji University, Usan-dong, 83 Sangjidae-gil, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26339, Korea
Abul Hasnat Md Ashraful Alam: Department of Environmental Engineering, Sangji University, Usan-dong, 83 Sangjidae-gil, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26339, Korea
Younghwan Chu: CNS Scientific, 2710-1 Bugwonro, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26316, Korea
Yong Chan Seo: Department of Environmental Engineering, Sangji University, Usan-dong, 83 Sangjidae-gil, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26339, Korea

Energies, 2017, vol. 10, issue 9, 1-17

Abstract: Due to uncontrolled consumption of fossil fuel it is necessary to use alternative resources as renewable energy. Among all the available liquid fuels biodiesel has drawn attention for producing less emissions and having less aromatic contents than diesel and because it can also be obtained from inferior grade feedstocks. Since the various uses of fats and oils have increased, a significant amount of waste animal fat and used edible oil is generated every year. In this work, we produced biodiesel from littered edible oil fraction (LEOF) via hydrolysis followed by catalytic esterification. Nearly 90% free fatty acids (FFA) content was achieved at 275 °C, after 45 min during hydrolysis and linoleic acid (C18:2) was observed to be the highest component. Compared to refined soybean oil (SBO) the reaction rate was accelerated by the auto-catalytic behavior of free fatty acids (FFA) in littered edible oil fraction (LEOF). For catalytic esterification, S-TiO 2 /MCM-41 catalyst was directly synthesized and characterized by using XRD, SEM, NH 3 -TPD and Brunauer Emmett Teller (B.E.T). The parameters such as; SO 4 ?2 content, TiO 2 loading and calcination temperature were varied to get optimum free fatty acids (FFA) conversion. Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) conversion was 99.29% using 1% S-TiO 2 /MCM-41 catalyst at 240 °C whereas 86.18% was observed with 3.5% catalyst at 180 °C with 20 min. Thus, using S-TiO 2 /MCM-41 catalyst in esterification via hydrolysis would be a better option for treating low quality feedstocks.

Keywords: sustainable; littered edible oil fraction; sub-critical; hydrolysis; auto-catalytic; esterification (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2017
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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