Power Quality Performance of Fast-Charging under Extreme Temperature Conditions

Alexandre Lucas, Germana Trentadue, Harald Scholz and Marcos Otura
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Alexandre Lucas: European Commission, Joint Research Centre Directorate C Energy, Transport and Climate, PO Box 2, 1755 ZG Petten, The Netherlands
Germana Trentadue: European Commission, Joint Research Centre Directorate C Energy, Transport and Climate, PO Box 2, 1755 ZG Petten, The Netherlands
Harald Scholz: European Commission, Joint Research Centre Directorate C Energy, Transport and Climate, PO Box 2, 1755 ZG Petten, The Netherlands
Marcos Otura: European Commission, Joint Research Centre Directorate C Energy, Transport and Climate, PO Box 2, 1755 ZG Petten, The Netherlands

Energies, 2018, vol. 11, issue 10, 1-14

Abstract: Exposing electric vehicles (EV) to extreme temperatures limits its performance and charging. For the foreseen adoption of EVs, it is not only important to study the technology behind it, but also the environment it will be inserted into. In Europe, temperatures ranging from −30 °C to +40 °C are frequently observed and the impacts on batteries are well-known. However, the impact on the grid due to the performance of fast-chargers, under such conditions, also requires analysis, as it impacts both on the infrastructure’s dimensioning and design. In this study, six different fast-chargers were analysed while charging a full battery EV, under four temperature levels (−25 °C, −15 °C, +20 °C, and +40 °C). The current total harmonic distortion, power factor, standby power, and unbalance were registered. Results show that the current total harmonic distortion (THD I ) tended to increase at lower temperatures. The standby consumption showed no trend, with results ranging from 210 VA to 1650 VA. Three out of six chargers lost interoperability at −25 °C. Such non-linear loads, present high harmonic distortion, and, hence, low power factor. The temperature at which the vehicle’s battery charges is crucial to the current it withdraws, thereby, influencing the charger’s performance.

Keywords: electric vehicles; harmonics; power quality; interoperability; fast-chargers (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2018
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (4)

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