Renewable Energy Assisted Traffic Aware Cellular Base Station Energy Cooperation

Faran Ahmed, Muhammad Naeem, Waleed Ejaz, Muhammad Iqbal, Alagan Anpalagan and Hyung Seok Kim
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Faran Ahmed: Department of Electrical Engineering, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Wah 47040, Pakistan
Muhammad Naeem: Department of Electrical Engineering, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Wah 47040, Pakistan
Waleed Ejaz: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
Muhammad Iqbal: Department of Electrical Engineering, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Wah 47040, Pakistan
Alagan Anpalagan: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
Hyung Seok Kim: Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea

Energies, 2018, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-19

Abstract: With global concern for climate change, and for cutting down the energy cost, especially in off grid areas, use of renewable energy has been gaining widespread attention in many areas including cellular communication. The base station (BS) has emerged as a strong candidate for the integration of renewable energy sources (RES), particularly solar and wind. The incorporation of renewable energy opens many possibilities for energy conservation through strategies such as energy cooperation between BSs during the off-peak hours, when the energy harvested from renewable energy sources may become surplus. In this paper, we present the case for cellular BSs enabled with renewable energy sources (RES) to have an arrangement in which the BS provide surplus energy to a neighboring BS, thus minimizing the use of conventional energy. A realistic objective is developed for northern region of Pakistan, which entails modeling of solar panels and wind-turbine according to the average solar irradiation and wind speed of the region. We also model the dynamic load of the BS, which depicts temporal fluctuations with traffic variations. Based on these models we initiate an energy cooperation scheme between the BS in which an energy cost minimization framework is mathematically modeled and solved through the interior point method algorithm. Results are obtained for different times of the year for different number of base stations showing respective energy cost savings.

Keywords: Base station Cooperation; alternate energy; cellular networks (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2018
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

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