Review of Voltage and Frequency Grid Code Specifications for Electrical Energy Storage Applications

Xing Luo, Jihong Wang, Jacek D. Wojcik, Jianguo Wang, Decai Li, Mihai Draganescu, Yaowang Li and Shihong Miao
Additional contact information
Xing Luo: School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
Jihong Wang: School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
Jacek D. Wojcik: School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
Jianguo Wang: School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
Decai Li: School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
Mihai Draganescu: UK National Grid, Warwick CV34 6DA, UK
Yaowang Li: School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
Shihong Miao: School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, China

Energies, 2018, vol. 11, issue 5, 1-26

Abstract: To ensure the stability and reliability of the power network operation, a number of Grid Codes have been used to specify the technical boundary requirements for different countries and areas. With the fast propagation of the usage of Electrical Energy Storage (EES), it is quite important to study how the EES technology with its development can help the Grid Code realization. The paper provides a comprehensive study of Great Britain (GB) Grid Code mainly on its voltage and frequency relevant specifications, with a comparison of other countries’ grid operation regulations. The different types of EES technologies with their technical characteristics in relation to meeting Grid Codes have been analysed. From the study, apart from direct grid-connection to provide grid services on meeting Grid Codes, EES devices with different technologies can be used as auxiliary units in fossil-fuelled power plants and renewable generation to support the whole systems’ operation. The paper also evaluates the potentials of different types of EES technologies for implementing the relevant applications based on the Grid Codes. Some recommendations are given at the end, for the EES technology development to help the Grid Code realization and to support the relevant applications.

Keywords: electrical power system; grid code; electrical energy storage; electricity generation; frequency response and control; low voltage ride through; grid-connection (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2018
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (13)

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