Regulation of Voltage and Frequency in Solid Oxide Fuel Cell-Based Autonomous Microgrids Using the Whales Optimisation Algorithm

Sajid Hussain Qazi, Mohd Wazir Mustafa, Umbrin Sultana, Nayyar Hussain Mirjat, Shakir Ali Soomro and Nadia Rasheed
Additional contact information
Sajid Hussain Qazi: Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia
Mohd Wazir Mustafa: Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia
Umbrin Sultana: Department of Electrical Engineering, NED UET, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
Nayyar Hussain Mirjat: Department of Electrical Engineering, Mehran UET, 76062 Jamshoro, Pakistan
Shakir Ali Soomro: Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia
Nadia Rasheed: Department of Computer Systems Engineering, University College of Engineering and Technology (UCE&T), The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 61300, Pakistan

Energies, 2018, vol. 11, issue 5, 1-21

Abstract: This study explores the Whales Optimization Algorithm (WOA)-based PI controller for regulating the voltage and frequency of an inverter-based autonomous microgrid (MG). The MG comprises two 50 kW DGs (solid oxide fuel cells, SOFCs) interfaced using a power electronics-based voltage source inverter (VSI) with a 120-kV conventional grid. Four PI controller schemes for the MG are implemented: (i) stationary PI controller with fixed gain values (Kp and Ki), (ii) PSO tuned PI controller, (iii) GWO tuned PI controller, and (iv) WOA tuned PI controller. The performance of these controllers is evaluated by monitoring the system voltage and frequency during the transition of MG operation mode and changes in the load. The MATLAB/SIMULINK tool is utilised to design the proposed model of grid-tied MG alongside the MATLAB m-file to apply an optimisation technique. The simulation results show that the WOA-based PI controller which optimises the control parameters, achieve 62.7% and 59% better results for voltage and frequency regulation, respectively. The eigenvalue analysis is also provided to check the stability of the proposed controller. Furthermore, the proposed system also satisfies the limits specified in IEEE-1547-2003 for voltage and frequency.

Keywords: microgrid; SOFC; WOA; GWO; PSO; PI controller (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2018
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

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