Performance and Emission Analysis of Rubber Seed, Palm, and Their Combined Blend in a Multi-Cylinder Diesel Engine

Ibrahim Khalil Adam, Abdul Rashid Abdul Aziz, Morgan R. Heikal, Suzana Yusup, Firmansyah, Ahmad Shahrul Ahmad and Ezrann Zharif Zainal Abidin
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Ibrahim Khalil Adam: Centre for Automotive Research and Electric Mobility, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
Abdul Rashid Abdul Aziz: Centre for Automotive Research and Electric Mobility, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
Morgan R. Heikal: Centre for Automotive Research and Electric Mobility, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
Suzana Yusup: Center of Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Biomass Processing Laboratory; Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
Firmansyah: Centre for Automotive Research and Electric Mobility, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
Ahmad Shahrul Ahmad: Centre for Automotive Research and Electric Mobility, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
Ezrann Zharif Zainal Abidin: Centre for Automotive Research and Electric Mobility, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia

Energies, 2018, vol. 11, issue 6, 1-20

Abstract: In consideration of its vast resources in Malaysia, the potential use of a nonedible biodiesel source from rubber seed oil (RSO) is explored. However, a mixture with a high saturation content feedstock is required to increase its oxidation stability, which is caused by its 78.93% unsaturation content. Two blends of 20% and 50% v / v rubber seed biodiesel (RB) or palm biodiesel (PB) and varying percentage mixtures of these two feedstock oils biodiesel (RPB) were evaluated on combustion performance in a 55 kW multi-cylinder diesel engine at full load conditions. The results showed that feedstock blending offered benefits in terms of fuel properties enhancement, improved engine performance, and reduced emissions. In comparison to RB, RPB showed higher brake power (BP) of 1.18–2.97% and lower brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) of 0.85–3.69%, smoke opacity (11.89–14.19%), carbon monoxide (CO) of 2.48–6.93%, hydrocarbon (HC) of 2.36–9.34%, and Nitrogen oxide (NO) emissions of 2.34–5.93%. The cylinder pressures and heat release rates (HRR) of RPB blends were 8.47–11.43% and 36.02–46.61% higher than diesel, respectively. The start of combustion angles (SOC) of RB and RPB blends were from −13 to −15 °C and from −13.2 to −15.6 crank angle degree (°CA) before top dead center (BTDC), but the combustion delays were 6–8 °C and 5.4–7.8 °C shorter when compared to diesel fuel which were −10 °C BTDC and 11 °C, respectively. It can be concluded that RPB blends showed better performance and emissions over the individual rubber seed and palm biodiesel blends and can replace diesel fuel in unmodified engines.

Keywords: rubber seed-palm blend; oxidation stability; NO reduction; combustion (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2018
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (6)

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