Optimization Strategy for Economic Power Dispatch Utilizing Retired EV Batteries as Flexible Loads

Shubo Hu, Hui Sun, Feixiang Peng, Wei Zhou, Wenping Cao, Anlong Su, Xiaodong Chen and Mingze Sun
Additional contact information
Shubo Hu: School of Electrical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
Hui Sun: School of Electrical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
Feixiang Peng: School of Electrical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
Wei Zhou: School of Electrical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
Wenping Cao: School of Electrical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
Anlong Su: State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Co., Ltd., Shenyang 116001, China
Xiaodong Chen: State Grid Dalian Electric Power Co., Ltd., Dalian 116001, China
Mingze Sun: State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Co., Ltd., Shenyang 116001, China

Energies, 2018, vol. 11, issue 7, 1-21

Abstract: With the increasing penetration of new and renewable energy, incorporating variable adjustable power elements on the demand side is of particular interest. The utilization of batteries as flexible loads is a hot research topic. Lithium-ion batteries are key components in electric vehicles (EVs) in terms of capital cost, mass and size. They are retired after around 5 years of service, but still retain up to 80% of their nominal capacity. Disposal of waste batteries will become a significant issue for the automotive industry in the years to come. This work proposes the use of the second life of these batteries as flexible loads to participate in the economic power dispatch. The characteristics of second life batteries (SLBs) are varied and diverse, requiring a new optimization strategy for power dispatch at the system level. In this work, SLBs are characterized and their operating curves are obtained analytically for developing an economic power dispatch model involving wind farms and second life batteries. In addition, a dispatch strategy is developed to reduce the dispatch complex brought by the disperse spatial and time distribution of EVs and decrease the system operating cost by introducing incentive and penalty costs in regulating the EV performance. In theory, SLBs are utilized to reduce the peak-valley difference of power loads and to stabilize the power system. Test results based on a ten-unit power system have verified the effectiveness of the proposed dispatch model and the economic benefit of utilizing SLBs as flexible loads in power systems. This work may provide a viable solution to the disposal of waste batteries from EVs and to the stable operation of fluctuating power systems incorporating stochastic renewable energy.

Keywords: economic power dispatch; electric vehicle; flexible load; second life battery; wind power (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2018
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (6)

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/11/7/1657/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/11/7/1657/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2018:i:7:p:1657-:d:154442

Access Statistics for this article

Energies is currently edited by Ms. Agatha Cao

More articles in Energies from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().