Effect of Modified Natural Filler O -Methylene Phosphonic ?-Carrageenan on Chitosan-Based Polymer Electrolytes

Joy Wei Yi Liew, Kee Shyuan Loh, Azizan Ahmad, Kean Long Lim and Wan Ramli Wan Daud
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Joy Wei Yi Liew: Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
Kee Shyuan Loh: Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
Azizan Ahmad: School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
Kean Long Lim: Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
Wan Ramli Wan Daud: Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

Energies, 2018, vol. 11, issue 7, 1-13

Abstract: The potential for using O -methylene phosphonic κ-carrageenan (OMPk) as a filler in the chitosan-based polymer electrolyte N -methylene phosphonic chitosan (NMPC) was investigated. OMPk, a derivative of κ-carrageenan, was synthesized via phosphorylation and characterized using infrared spectroscopy (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Both the IR and NMR results confirmed the phosphorylation of the parent carrageenan. The solid polymer electrolyte (SPE)-based NMPC was prepared by solution casting with different weight percentages of OMPk ranging from 2 to 8 wt %. The tensile strength of the polymer membrane increased from 18.02 to 38.95 MPa as the amount of OMPk increased to 6 wt %. However, the increase in the ionic conductivity did not match the increase in the tensile strength. The highest ionic conductivity was achieved with 4 wt % OMPk, which resulted in 1.43 × 10 −5 Scm −1 . The κ-carrageenan-based OMPk filler strengthened the SPE while maintaining an acceptable level of ionic conductivity.

Keywords: solid polymer electrolyte; chitosan; ?-carrageenan derivatives; filler; mechanical properties (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2018
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