Development of a Physics-Based Monitoring Algorithm Detecting CO 2 Ingress Accidents in a Sodium-Cooled Fast Reactor

Hyeonmin Kim, Jung-Taek Kim, Jaehyuk Eoh and Dong-Won Lim
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Hyeonmin Kim: ICT Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon 34057, Korea
Jung-Taek Kim: ICT Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon 34057, Korea
Jaehyuk Eoh: SFR Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon 34057, Korea
Dong-Won Lim: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 18323, Korea

Energies, 2018, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-15

Abstract: One of the benefits of the supercritical CO 2 Brayton cycle in Sodium-cooled Fast Reactors is an enhanced plant safety, since potential reactions of CO 2 with liquid sodium have been reported to be less stringent than a sodium-water reaction found in the Rankine cycle. However, moderate chemical interactions between CO 2 and liquid sodium make detecting CO 2 ingress accidents harder. Thus, this paper proposes a new physics-based detection algorithm by comparing the real-time pressure measurements of two identical heat exchangers for the early detection. The CO 2 ingress occurs owing to a crack at the pressure boundary wall, a certain self-recovery of structural damage does not happen over time, and an accident probabilistically starts at only one component of two. The proposed physics-based method with the probabilistic analysis was compared to the pure data-based method. Finally, the damage degradation was developed with a simplified mass and energy transfer model, and the proposed algorithm was verified with experimental data. The results show that a 99.99% detection probability can be achieved for the air ingress of 30 cc/s, which is equivalent to the 0.12 g/s CO 2 ingress, in a 70 s detection time, limiting down to 0.1% false alarms due to sensor noise.

Keywords: double redundancy monitoring; pressure monitoring; probabilistic performance analysis; sodium-CO 2 chemical reaction; CO 2 Brayton cycle (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2018
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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