Current Status Investigation and Predicting Carbon Dioxide Emission in Latin American Countries by Connectionist Models

Mohammad Hossein Ahmadi, Mohammad Dehghani Madvar, Milad Sadeghzadeh, Mohammad Hossein Rezaei, Manuel Herrera and Shahaboddin Shamshirband
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Mohammad Hossein Ahmadi: Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood 3619995161, Iran
Mohammad Dehghani Madvar: Department of Renewable Energies and Environmental, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran 1439957131, Iran
Milad Sadeghzadeh: Department of Renewable Energies and Environmental, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran 1439957131, Iran
Mohammad Hossein Rezaei: Department of Renewable Energies and Environmental, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran 1439957131, Iran
Manuel Herrera: Institute for Manufacturing, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK
Shahaboddin Shamshirband: Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Authors registered in the RePEc Author Service: Shahab S Band

Energies, 2019, vol. 12, issue 10, 1-20

Abstract: Currently, one of the biggest concerns of human beings is greenhouse gas emissions, especially carbon dioxide emissions in developed and under-developed countries. In this study, connectionist models including LSSVM (Least Square Support Vector Machine) and evolutionary methods are employed for predicting the amount of CO 2 emission in six Latin American countries, i.e., Brazil, Mexico, Argentina, Peru, Chile, Venezuela and Uruguay. The studied region is modelled based on the available input data in terms of million tons including oil (million tons), gas (million tons oil equivalent), coal (million tons oil equivalent), R e w (million tons oil equivalent) and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in terms of billion U.S. dollars. Moreover, the available patents in the field of climate change mitigation in six Latin American countries, namely Brazil, Mexico, Argentina, Peru, Chile, Venezuela and Uruguay, have been reviewed and analysed. The results show that except Venezuela, all other mentioned countries have invested in renewable energy R&D activities. Brazil and Argentina have the highest share of renewable energies, which account for 60% and 72%, respectively.

Keywords: CO 2; modelling; environment; South America; connectionist model (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

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