Electric Vehicles as Flexibility Management Strategy for the Electricity System—A Comparison between Different Regions of Europe

Maria Taljegard, Lisa Göransson, Mikael Odenberger and Filip Johnsson
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Maria Taljegard: Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
Lisa Göransson: Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
Mikael Odenberger: Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
Filip Johnsson: Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden

Energies, 2019, vol. 12, issue 13, 1-19

Abstract: This study considers whether electric vehicles (EVs) can be exploited as a flexibility management strategy to stimulate investments in and operation of renewable electricity under stringent CO 2 constraints in four regions with different conditions for renewable electricity (Sweden, Germany, the UK, and Spain). The study applies a cost-minimisation investment model and an electricity dispatch model of the European electricity system, assuming three types of charging strategies for EVs. The results show that vehicle-to-grid (V2G), i.e., the possibility to discharging the EV batteries back to grid, facilitates an increase in investments and generation from solar photovoltaics (PVs) compare to the scenario without EVs, in all regions except Sweden. Without the possibility to store electricity in EV batteries across different days, which is a technical limitation of this type of model, EVs increase the share of wind power by only a few percentage points in Sweden, even if Sweden is a region with good conditions for wind power. Full electrification of the road transport sector, including also dynamic power transfer for trucks and buses, would decrease the need for investments in peak power in all four regions by at least 50%, as compared to a scenario without EVs or with uncontrolled charging of EVs, provided that an optimal charging strategy and V2G are implemented for the passenger vehicles.

Keywords: energy system modelling; variability management; storage; vehicle-to-grid; smart charging; batteries (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (10)

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