Beneficial Reuse of Industrial CO 2 Emissions Using a Microalgae Photobioreactor: Waste Heat Utilization Assessment

Daniel T. Mohler, Michael H. Wilson, Zhen Fan, John G. Groppo and Mark Crocker
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Daniel T. Mohler: Center for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40511, USA
Michael H. Wilson: Center for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40511, USA
Zhen Fan: Center for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40511, USA
John G. Groppo: Center for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40511, USA
Mark Crocker: Center for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40511, USA

Energies, 2019, vol. 12, issue 13, 1-18

Abstract: Microalgae are a potential means of recycling CO 2 from industrial point sources. With this in mind, a novel photobioreactor (PBR) was designed and deployed at a coal-fired power plant. To ascertain the feasibility of using waste heat from the power plant to heat algae cultures during cold periods, two heat transfer models were constructed to quantify PBR cooling times. The first, which was based on tabulated data, material properties and the physical orientation of the PBR tubes, yielded a range of heat transfer coefficients of 19–64 W m −2 K −1 for the PBR at wind speeds of 1–10 m s −1 . The second model was based on data collected from the PBR and gave an overall heat transfer coefficient of 24.8 W m −2 K −1 . Energy penalties associated with waste heat utilization were found to incur an 18%–103% increase in energy consumption, resulting in a 22%–70% reduction in CO 2 capture for the scenarios considered. A techno-economic analysis showed that the cost of heat integration equipment increased capital expenditures (CAPEX) by a factor of nine and increased biomass production costs by a factor of three. Although the scenario is thermodynamically feasible, the increase in CAPEX incurs an increase in biomass production cost that is economically untenable.

Keywords: algae; carbon dioxide; photobioreactor; flue gas; power plant; utilization (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

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