The Effect of Hydration on Pores of Shale Oil Reservoirs in the Third Submember of the Triassic Chang 7 Member in Southern Ordos Basin

Pengfei Zhao, Xiangyu Fan, Qiangui Zhang, Xiang Wang, Mingming Zhang, Jiawei Ran, Da Lv, Jinhua Liu, Juntian Shuai and Hao Wu
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Pengfei Zhao: School of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
Xiangyu Fan: School of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
Qiangui Zhang: School of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
Xiang Wang: China Petrochemical Co. Ltd. North China Oil and Gas Branch, Zhengzhou 450000, China
Mingming Zhang: School of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
Jiawei Ran: School of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
Da Lv: School of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
Jinhua Liu: School of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
Juntian Shuai: School of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
Hao Wu: Pertro China Southwest Oil and Gas Field Company, Exploration Utility department, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan Province, China

Energies, 2019, vol. 12, issue 20, 1-20

Abstract: Shale oil is an unconventional kind of oil and gas resource with great potential. China has huge reserves of shale oil, and shale oil resources are abundant in the third submember of the Triassic Chang 7 member in the southern Ordos Basin. At present, this area is in the initial stage of shale oil exploration and development. The reservoir pore is one of the key factors affecting oil accumulation, drilling safety, and oil production. It is also an important reservoir parameter that must be defined in the exploration stage. In general, the clay content in the shale section is high, and is prone to hydration. In order to study the effect of fluid on the pore type, structure, and distribution of shale oil reservoirs, experiments using X-ray diffraction, a porosity–permeability test, mercury porosimetry, rock casting thin section, and scanning electron microscopy were carried out. The experimental results show that the content of clay and quartz is very high in the studied formation. The pore porosity and permeability of the rock is highly heterogeneous because of the obvious stratigraphic bedding and interbeds. Microstructural observation of rocks shows that the main pore types are intergranular pores, intragranular pores, intercrystalline pores, and organic pores. Crack types are dissolution cracks, contraction cracks of organic matter, and abnormal pressure structural cracks. After hydration, the porosity of rock will increase in varying degrees, and pore size, pore content in different sizes, and pore structure will also change. The results show that the pores of tuff mainly changes at the initial stage of hydration, and the pore change of tuff is the most obvious within 6 hours of soaking in clear water. The influence of hydration on the pore of shale is greater than that of tuff, but the main change stage is later than tuff, and the pore change of shale is the most obvious within 12 to 24 hours of soaking in clear water. The soaking experiment of water-based drilling fluid (WBM-SL) shows that it can plug a certain size of holes and cracks and form a protective layer on the rock surface, thus effectively reducing hydration. In actual construction, multisized solid particles should be allocated in drilling fluid according to the formation pore’s characteristics, and the stability of the protective layer should be guaranteed. This can reduce the accident of well leakage and collapse and is conducive to the efficient and safe development of shale oil.

Keywords: Ordos Basin; shale oil; pore and crack; hydration; water-based drilling fluid (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
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