HVAC-Based Cooperative Algorithms for Demand Side Management in a Microgrid

Jie Ma, Xiandong Ma and Suzana Ilic
Additional contact information
Jie Ma: Department of Engineering, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK
Xiandong Ma: Department of Engineering, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK
Suzana Ilic: Lancaster Environment Center, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK

Energies, 2019, vol. 12, issue 22, 1-19

Abstract: The high penetration of renewable power generators and various loads have brought a great challenge for dispatching energy in a microgrid system. Heating ventilation air conditioning (HVAC) system, as a household appliance with high popularity, can be considered as an effective technology to alleviate energy dispatch issues. This paper presents novel distributed algorithms based on HVAC to solve the demand side management problem, where the microgrid system with HVAC units is considered as a multi-agent system (MAS). The approach provides a desirable operating frequency signal for each HVAC based on the power mismatch value occurring on each local bus. It utilizes demand response of the HVAC units to minimize the supply-demand mismatch, thus reducing the quantity and capacity of energy storage devices potentially to be required. Compared with existing approaches focusing on the distributed algorithms under a fixed communication network, this paper addresses a consensus problem under a switching topology by using the Lyapunov argument. It is verified that a jointly strong and connected topology is a sufficient condition in order to achieve an average consensus for a time-varying topology. A number of cases are studied to evaluate the effectiveness of the algorithms by taking into account its power constraints, dynamic behaviors, anti-damage characteristics and time-varying communication topology. Modelling these system interactions has demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed microgrid system.

Keywords: demand side management; HVAC (heating ventilation air conditioning); distributed algorithm; multi-agent system; microgrid (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/22/4276/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/22/4276/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:22:p:4276-:d:285313

Access Statistics for this article

Energies is currently edited by Ms. Agatha Cao

More articles in Energies from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().