Theoretical and Experimental Study to Determine Voltage Violation, Reverse Electric Current and Losses in Prosumers Connected to Low-Voltage Power Grid

Igor Cavalcante Torres, Gustavo F. Negreiros and Chigueru Tiba
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Igor Cavalcante Torres: Agricultural Sciences Center, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Rio Largo 57100-000, Brazil
Gustavo F. Negreiros: Nuclear Energy, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50740-545, Brazil
Chigueru Tiba: Nuclear Energy, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50740-545, Brazil

Energies, 2019, vol. 12, issue 23, 1-20

Abstract: The impact of PV generation distributed in a low voltage transmission line depends on many factors: The distribution lines and PV generators characteristics, its location, operational control, local meteorological conditions, electricity consumption profile, and the electricity cost variation. An atypical and challenging behavior of photovoltaic distributed generation (DG) insertion in consumer units (CUs), implies in some circumstances, as the reverse directionality of the power flow between the load equipped with a photovoltaic system generator and the electrical grid, when a CU contains a distributed generation and low power consumption, the power flow will be directed to the power electric grid. In this work, the modeling of a low-voltage real feeder was performed, setting the variables of the system under real operating conditions. As result, voltage levels variability throughout the feeder, the electrical losses, and the asymmetry between the phases were observed. Through simulation scenarios, the occurrence of voltage increase under different penetration scenarios of distributed generation was verified and there was a 10% increase in reference voltage as well as the occurrence of higher electrical losses by reverse current, reaching 1200% more with a DG penetration, in the massive presence of the photovoltaic generator. The mitigatory action used in this work was able to attenuate the negative impacts to the feeder circuit, ensuring the integrity grid and the consumer unit.

Keywords: PV microgeneration; solar radiation; reverse power flow; LV grid; electrical loss; hosting capacity (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (5)

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