Modeling and Simulation Studies Analyzing the Pressure-Retarded Osmosis (PRO) and PRO-Hybridized Processes

Sung Ho Chae, Young Mi Kim, Hosik Park, Jangwon Seo, Seung Ji Lim and Joon Ha Kim
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Sung Ho Chae: School of Earth Science and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea
Young Mi Kim: Membrane Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Korea
Hosik Park: Membrane Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Korea
Jangwon Seo: Research Institute for Solar and Sustainable Energies, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea
Seung Ji Lim: School of Earth Science and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea
Joon Ha Kim: School of Earth Science and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea

Energies, 2019, vol. 12, issue 2, 1-38

Abstract: Pressure-retarded osmosis (PRO) is viewed as a highly promising renewable energy process that generates energy without carbon emissions in the age of the climate change regime. While many experimental studies have contributed to the quest for an efficiency that would make the PRO process commercially viable, computational modeling and simulation studies have played crucial roles in investigating the efficiency of PRO, particularly the concept of hybridizing the PRO process with reverse osmosis (RO). It is crucial for researchers to understand the implications of the simulation and modeling works in order to promote the further development of PRO. To that end, the authors collected many relevant papers and reorganized their important methodologies and results. This review, first of all, presents the mathematical derivation of the fundamental modeling theories regarding PRO including water flux and concentration polarization equations. After that, those theories and thermodynamic theories are then applied to depict the limitations of a stand-alone PRO process and the effectiveness of an RO-PRO hybridized process. Lastly, the review diagnoses the challenges facing PRO-basis processes which are insufficiently resolved by conventional engineering approaches and, in response, presents alternative modeling and simulation approaches as well as novel technologies.

Keywords: pressure-retarded osmosis; reverse osmosis; desalination process; computational modeling; hybridized process (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

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