Exergy-Based and Economic Evaluation of Liquefaction Processes for Cryogenics Energy Storage

Sarah Hamdy, Francisco Moser, Tatiana Morosuk and George Tsatsaronis
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Sarah Hamdy: Energy Engineering Department, Technische Universität Berlin, 10587 Berlin, Germany
Francisco Moser: Institute for Energy Engineering, Technische Universität Berlin, 10587 Berlin, Germany
Tatiana Morosuk: Institute for Energy Engineering, Technische Universität Berlin, 10587 Berlin, Germany
George Tsatsaronis: Institute for Energy Engineering, Technische Universität Berlin, 10587 Berlin, Germany

Energies, 2019, vol. 12, issue 3, 1-19

Abstract: Cryogenics-based energy storage (CES) is a thermo-electric bulk-energy storage technology, which stores electricity in the form of a liquefied gas at cryogenic temperatures. The charging process is an energy-intensive gas liquefaction process and the limiting factor to CES round trip efficiency (RTE). During discharge, the liquefied gas is pressurized, evaporated and then super-heated to drive a gas turbine. The cold released during evaporation can be stored and supplied to the subsequent charging process. In this research, exergy-based methods are applied to quantify the effect of cold storage on the thermodynamic performance of six liquefaction processes and to identify the most cost-efficient process. For all liquefaction processes assessed, the integration of cold storage was shown to multiply the liquid yield, reduce the specific power requirement by 50–70% and increase the exergetic efficiency by 30–100%. The Claude-based liquefaction processes reached the highest exergetic efficiencies (76–82%). The processes reached their maximum efficiency at different liquefaction pressures. The Heylandt process reaches the highest RTE (50%) and the lowest specific power requirement (1021 kJ/kg). The lowest production cost of liquid air (18.4 €/ton) and the lowest specific investment cost (<700 €/kW char ) were achieved by the Kapitza process.

Keywords: cryogenic energy storage; air liquefaction; exergy analysis; economic analysis; exergoeconomic analysis (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (12)

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