Is the Fischer-Tropsch Conversion of Biogas-Derived Syngas to Liquid Fuels Feasible at Atmospheric Pressure?

Rawan Hakawati, Beatrice Smyth, Helen Daly, Geoffrey McCullough and David Rooney
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Rawan Hakawati: School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, UK
Beatrice Smyth: School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AH, UK
Helen Daly: School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, UK
Geoffrey McCullough: School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AH, UK
David Rooney: School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, UK

Energies, 2019, vol. 12, issue 6, 1-28

Abstract: Biogas resulting from anaerobic digestion can be utilized for the production of liquid fuels via reforming to syngas followed by the Fischer-Tropsch reaction. Renewable liquid fuels are highly desirable due to their potential for use in existing infrastructure, but current Fischer-Tropsch processes, which require operating pressures of 2–4 MPa (20–40 bar), are unsuitable for the relatively small scale of typical biogas production facilities in the EU, which are agriculture-based. This paper investigates the feasibility of producing liquid fuels from biogas-derived syngas at atmospheric pressure, with a focus on the system’s response to various interruption factors, such as total loss of feed gas, variations to feed ratio, and technical problems in the furnace. Results of laboratory testing showed that the liquid fuel selectivity could reach 60% under the studied conditions of 488 K (215 °C), H 2 /CO = 2 and 0.1 MPa (1 bar) over a commercial Fischer–Tropsch catalyst. Analysis indicated that the catalyst had two active sites for propagation, one site for the generation of methane and another for the production of liquid fuels and wax products. However, although the production of liquid fuels was verified at atmospheric pressure with high liquid fuel selectivity, the control of such a system to maintain activity is crucial. From an economic perspective, the system would require subsidies to achieve financial viability.

Keywords: biogas; anaerobic digestion; liquid fuels; biofuels; Fischer–Tropsch; ambient pressure; atmospheric pressure; farm-scale (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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