Optimizing the Regulation of Aggregated Thermostatically Controlled Loads by Jointly Considering Consumer Comfort and Tracking Error

Jie Yang, Tongyu Liu, Huaibao Wang, Zhenhua Tian and Shihao Liu
Additional contact information
Jie Yang: School of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
Tongyu Liu: School of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
Huaibao Wang: School of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
Zhenhua Tian: School of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
Shihao Liu: School of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China

Energies, 2019, vol. 12, issue 9, 1-17

Abstract: Thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs) are promising to offer demand-side regulation with proper control. In this paper, the aggregate power of TCLs is used to track the automatic generation control (AGC) signal by changing the temperature setpoint. The dynamics of the indoor temperature are described by a Monte Carlo model, and population dissatisfaction is described by the predicted percentage of dissatisfied (PPD). The objective is optimization from two aspects, minimizing both population dissatisfaction and tracking error. We propose an improved active target particle swarm optimization (APSO) algorithm to optimize the model, making it possible to ensure that the user’s dissatisfaction is as small as possible while the aggregate power tracks the AGC signal. The novelty of this paper is to introduce PPD into the model and at the same time establish three models using PPD as the objective function and constraints. The simulation results are shown to verify the efficiency of the designed model.

Keywords: power system; demand response; thermostatically controlled loads; thermal comfort; particle swarm optimization (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/9/1757/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/9/1757/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:9:p:1757-:d:229553

Access Statistics for this article

Energies is currently edited by Ms. Agatha Cao

More articles in Energies from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().