The Optimal Control of Fuel Consumption for a Heavy-Duty Motorcycle with Three Power Sources Using Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation

Chien-Hsun Wu and Yong-Xiang Xu
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Chien-Hsun Wu: Department of Vehicle Engineering, National Formosa University, Yunlin 63201, Taiwan
Yong-Xiang Xu: Department of Vehicle Engineering, National Formosa University, Yunlin 63201, Taiwan

Energies, 2019, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-16

Abstract: This study presents a simulation platform for a hybrid electric motorcycle with an engine, a driving motor, and an integrated starter generator (ISG) as three power sources. This platform also consists of the driving cycle, driver, lithium-ion battery, continuously variable transmission (CVT), motorcycle dynamics, and energy management system models. Two Arduino DUE microcontrollers integrated with the required circuit to process analog-to-digital signal conversion for input and output are utilized to carry out a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation. A driving cycle called worldwide motorcycle test cycle (WMTC) is used for evaluating the performance characteristics and response relationship among subsystems. Control strategies called rule-based control (RBC) and equivalent consumption minimization strategy (ECMS) are simulated and compared with the purely engine-driven operation. The results show that the improvement percentages for equivalent fuel consumption and energy consumption for RBC and ECMS using the pure software simulation were 17.74%/18.50% and 42.77%/44.22% respectively, while those with HIL were 18.16%/18.82% and 42.73%/44.10%, respectively.

Keywords: heavy-duty motorcycle; simulation platform; energy management system; equivalent consumption minimization strategy (ECMS); hardware in-the-loop; signal processing (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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