Overview on Grid-Forming Inverter Control Methods

Peter Unruh, Maria Nuschke, Philipp Strauß and Friedrich Welck
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Peter Unruh: Power System Stability and Converter Technology Division, Fraunhofer Institute for Energy Economics and Energy System Technology IEE, 34119 Kassel, Germany
Maria Nuschke: Power System Stability and Converter Technology Division, Fraunhofer Institute for Energy Economics and Energy System Technology IEE, 34119 Kassel, Germany
Philipp Strauß: Power System Stability and Converter Technology Division, Fraunhofer Institute for Energy Economics and Energy System Technology IEE, 34119 Kassel, Germany
Friedrich Welck: Power System Stability and Converter Technology Division, Fraunhofer Institute for Energy Economics and Energy System Technology IEE, 34119 Kassel, Germany

Energies, 2020, vol. 13, issue 10, 1-21

Abstract: In this paper, different control approaches for grid-forming inverters are discussed and compared with the grid-forming properties of synchronous machines. Grid-forming inverters are able to operate AC grids with or without rotating machines. In the past, they have been successfully deployed in inverter dominated island grids or in uninterruptable power supply (UPS) systems. It is expected that with increasing shares of inverter-based electrical power generation, grid-forming inverters will also become relevant for interconnected power systems. In contrast to conventional current-controlled inverters, grid-forming inverters do not immediately follow the grid voltage. They form voltage phasors that have an inertial behavior. In consequence, they can inherently deliver momentary reserve and increase power grid resilience.

Keywords: droop control; grid-forming inverter; electrical inertia; inverter-dominated power system; virtual synchronous machine; voltage-controlled inverter; voltage-forming inverter (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (4)

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