Forced Convection in Porous Media Using Al 2 O 3 and TiO 2 Nanofluids in Differing Base Fluids

M. Z. Saghir and C. Welsford
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M. Z. Saghir: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
C. Welsford: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada

Energies, 2020, vol. 13, issue 10, 1-19

Abstract: The following work presents a numerical evaluation of the use of TiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 nanofluids operating with ethylene glycol and water as base fluids—as well as an experimental evaluation of Al 2 O 3 -water nanofluid. Both numerical and experimental systems were tested and operated under various flow and heat transfer conditions, including four flow rates and three heat fluxes. When compared, the numerical schemes and experimental results showed deviation of under two degrees Celsius. This led the authors to conclude that the numerical scheme accurately reflected the experimental conditions. When all combinations of mixtures were compared numerically, it was found that ethylene glycol provided the highest average Nusselt number, while water offered significantly lower pumping requirements. When comparing nanoparticles, it was found that, in a carrying-fluid of water, TiO 2 had superior performance by approximately one percent.

Keywords: porous block; heat enhancement; finite element; experimental measurement; forced convection (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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