CFD Analysis of the Fuel–Air Mixture Formation Process in Passive Prechambers for Use in a High-Pressure Direct Injection (HPDI) Two-Stroke Engine

Marco Ciampolini, Simone Bigalli, Francesco Balduzzi, Alessandro Bianchini, Luca Romani and Giovanni Ferrara
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Marco Ciampolini: Department of Industrial Engineering (DIEF), Università degli Studi di Firenze, via di Santa Marta 3, 50139 Firenze, Italy
Simone Bigalli: Department of Industrial Engineering (DIEF), Università degli Studi di Firenze, via di Santa Marta 3, 50139 Firenze, Italy
Francesco Balduzzi: Department of Industrial Engineering (DIEF), Università degli Studi di Firenze, via di Santa Marta 3, 50139 Firenze, Italy
Alessandro Bianchini: Department of Industrial Engineering (DIEF), Università degli Studi di Firenze, via di Santa Marta 3, 50139 Firenze, Italy
Luca Romani: Department of Industrial Engineering (DIEF), Università degli Studi di Firenze, via di Santa Marta 3, 50139 Firenze, Italy
Giovanni Ferrara: Department of Industrial Engineering (DIEF), Università degli Studi di Firenze, via di Santa Marta 3, 50139 Firenze, Italy

Energies, 2020, vol. 13, issue 11, 1-25

Abstract: The research on two-stroke engines has been focused lately on the development of direct injection systems for reducing the emissions of hydrocarbons by minimizing the fuel short-circuiting. Low temperature combustion (LTC) may be the next step to further improve emissions and fuel consumption; however, LTC requires unconventional ignition systems. Jet ignition, i.e., the use of prechambers to accelerate the combustion process, turned out to be an effective way to perform LTC. The present work aims at proving the feasibility of adopting passive prechambers in a high-pressure, direct injection, two-stroke engine through non-reactive computational fluid dynamics analyses. The goal of the analysis is the evaluation of the prechamber performance in terms of both scavenging efficiency of burnt gases and fuel/air mixture formation inside the prechamber volume itself, in order to guarantee the mixture ignitability. Two prechamber geometries, featuring different aspect ratios and orifice numbers, were investigated. The analyses were replicated for two different locations of the injection and for three operating conditions of the engine in terms of revolution speed and load. Upon examination of the results, the effectiveness of both prechambers was found to be strongly dependent on the injection setup.

Keywords: two-stroke engine; high-pressure direct injection; jet ignition; prechamber; combustion (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

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