The Synthesis and Electrochemical Performance of Si Composite with Hollow Carbon Microtubes by the Carbonization of Milkweed from Nature as Anode Template for Lithium Ion Batteries

Eun Hyuk Chung, Jong Pil Kim, Hyun Gyu Kim, Jae-Min Chung, Sei-Jin Lee, Jong-Seong Bae and Euh Duck Jeong
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Eun Hyuk Chung: Department of architectural engineering, 37, Nakdong-daero 550beon-gil, Saha-gu, Busan 49315, Korea
Jong Pil Kim: Division of Analysis & Research, Korea Basic Science Institute, 1274-1, Jisa-dong, Gangseo-gu, Busan 46742, Korea
Hyun Gyu Kim: Division of Analysis & Research, Korea Basic Science Institute, 1274-1, Jisa-dong, Gangseo-gu, Busan 46742, Korea
Jae-Min Chung: Korea National Arboretum, 415 Gwangneungsumokwonro, Soeul-up, Pocheon-city 11186, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
Sei-Jin Lee: Jeonju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, 634-18, Geumam-dong, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si 54907, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
Jong-Seong Bae: Division of Analysis & Research, Korea Basic Science Institute, 1274-1, Jisa-dong, Gangseo-gu, Busan 46742, Korea
Euh Duck Jeong: Division of Analysis & Research, Korea Basic Science Institute, 1274-1, Jisa-dong, Gangseo-gu, Busan 46742, Korea

Energies, 2020, vol. 13, issue 19, 1-10

Abstract: It has been reported that improving electrical conductivity and maintaining stable structure during discharge/charge process are challenge for Si to be used as an anode for lithium ion batteries (LIB). To address this problem, milkweed (MW) was carbonized to prepare hollow carbon microtubes (HCMT) derived from biomass as an anode template for LIB. In order to improve electrical conductivity, various materials such as chitosan (CTS), agarose, and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) are used as carbon source (C1, C2, and C3) by carbonization. Carbon coated HCMT@Si composits, HCMT@Si@C1, HCMT@Si@C1@C2, and HCMT@Si@C1@C3, have been successfully synthesized. Changes in structure and crystallinity of HCMT@Si composites were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Specific surface area for samples was calculated by using BET (Brunauer–Emmett–Teller). Also, pore size and particle size were obtained by particle and pore size analysis system. The surface morphology was evaluated using high resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM), Field Emission transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The thermal properties of HCMT@Si composites were analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Our research was performed to study the synthesis and electrochemical performance of Si composite with HCMT by the carbonization of natural micro hollow milkweed to form an inner space. After carbonization at 900 °C for 2 h in N 2 flow, inner diameter of HCMT obtained was about 10 μm. The electrochemical tests indicate that HCMT@Si@C1@C3 exhibits discharge capacity of 932.18 mAh/g at 0.5 A/g after 100 cycles.

Keywords: biomass; milkweed (MW); hollow carbon microtubes (HCMT); lithium-ion battery (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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