A Review of the Measures and Instruments to Promote Efficiency and Renewable Energy in Domestic Water Heating

Dania Ortiz, Vítor Leal and Isabel Azevedo
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Dania Ortiz: Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto (FEUP), 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
Vítor Leal: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto (FEUP), 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
Isabel Azevedo: Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering (INEGI), 4200-465 Porto, Portugal

Energies, 2020, vol. 13, issue 20, 1-21

Abstract: This paper identifies and characterizes the technical measures and policy instruments that can be used to promote energy efficiency and the use of renewable sources for domestic hot water (DHW). DHW presents a considerable potential for abatement of greenhouse gas emissions around the world. Measures were characterized in terms of level of transformation, impact and scope, among others. Policy instruments were characterized in terms of target groups, competences required for implementation, major challenges and nature of the instruments. A matrix showing the applicability of policy instruments per technical measure was derived, enabling policy makersto better choose articulated measures and policy instruments for their policy packs.

Keywords: domestic hot water; water heating; energy efficiency; climate change mitigation; climate policy; policy making; policy instruments (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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