Reactive Power Optimization and Price Management in Microgrid Enabled with Blockchain

Danalakshmi D., Gopi R., A. Hariharasudan, Iwona Otola and Yuriy Bilan
Additional contact information
Danalakshmi D.: Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, GMR Institute of Technology, Rajam 532127, Andhra Pradesh, India
Gopi R.: Faculty of Computer Science Engineering, Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Engineering College, Perambalur 621212, Tamil Nadu, India
A. Hariharasudan: Faculty of English, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Anand Nagar, Krishnankoil 626126, Tamil Nadu, India
Iwona Otola: The Management Faculty, Czestochowa University of Technology, Armii Krajowej 19B, 42-201 Czestochowa, Poland
Yuriy Bilan: Faculty of Management, Rzeszów University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland

Energies, 2020, vol. 13, issue 23, 1-20

Abstract: The energy market is gradually changing from centralized trading to peer-to-peer trading due to the tremendous increase in a microgrid with green energy resources. When more generating units are included in the microgrid, the possibilities of more reactive power flows exist in the system that leads to high transmission loss which has to be optimized. The reactive power is one of the essential ancillary services in the microgrid towards preserving the voltage in the transmission and distribution line. The major contribution of the paper is towards managing the ancillary service in the distributed energy network economically and technically. This study aims to estimate and optimize the power loss, reactive power, and price management as well. Towards optimization, the self-balanced differential evolution algorithm (SBDE) is used in this study. A distribution system operator is involved in coordinating the sellers and buyers. The proposed layered microgrid architecture uses the blockchain technology for reactive power price management by providing transparency and security among peers. The process of converging various transactions into a block and adding in the distributed blockchain is illustrated. Multiple transactions are performed by using the proposed methodology, giving efficient energy transaction. The results show that the power loss is minimized using SBDE algorithm for different cases. Additionally, the study has demonstrated the price allocation of the optimal reactive power obtained from providers. The blockchain technology embedded in reactive power pricing will play a significant role in the evolution of traditional power distribution systems to active distribution networks.

Keywords: reactive power; optimization; microgrid; blockchain; power loss; differential evolution (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (7)

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/23/6179/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/23/6179/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:23:p:6179-:d:450435

Access Statistics for this article

Energies is currently edited by Ms. Agatha Cao

More articles in Energies from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().