Numerical and Experimental Studies on the Effect of Surface Roughness and Ultrasonic Frequency on Bubble Dynamics in Acoustic Cavitation

Rana Altay, Abdolali K. Sadaghiani, M. Ilker Sevgen, Alper Şişman and Ali Koşar
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Rana Altay: Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Tuzla, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
Abdolali K. Sadaghiani: Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Tuzla, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
M. Ilker Sevgen: Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Tuzla, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
Alper Şişman: Sabanci University Nanotechnology and Application Center (SUNUM), Sabanci University, Tuzla, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
Ali Koşar: Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Tuzla, Istanbul 34956, Turkey

Energies, 2020, vol. 13, issue 5, 1-15

Abstract: With many emerging applications such as chemical reactions and ultrasound therapy, acoustic cavitation plays a vital role in having improved energy efficiency. For example, acoustic cavitation results in substantial enhancement in the rates of various chemical reactions. In this regard, an applied acoustic field within a medium generates acoustic streaming, where cavitation bubbles appear due to preexisting dissolved gas in the working fluid. Upon cavitation inception, bubbles can undergo subsequent growth and collapse. During the last decade, the studies on the effects of different parameters on acoustic cavitation such as applied ultrasound frequency and power have been conducted. The bubble growth and collapse mechanisms and their distribution within the medium have been classified. Yet, more research is necessary to understand the complex mechanism of multi-bubble behavior under an applied acoustic field. Various parameters affecting acoustic cavitation such as surface roughness of the acoustic generator should be investigated in more detail in this regard. In this study, single bubble lifetime, bubble size and multi-bubble dynamics were investigated by changing the applied ultrasonic field. The effect of surface roughness on bubble dynamics was presented. In the analysis, images from a high-speed camera and fast video recording techniques were used. Numerical simulations were also done to investigate the effect of acoustic field frequency on bubble dynamics. Bubble cluster behavior and required minimum bubble size to be affected by the acoustic field were obtained. Numerical results suggested that bubbles with sizes of 50 µm or more could be aligned according to the radiation potential map, whereas bubbles with sizes smaller than 10 µm were not affected by the acoustic field. Furthermore, it was empirically proven that surface roughness has a significant effect on acoustic cavitation phenomena.

Keywords: acoustic cavitation; surface roughness; cavitation bubble; bubble dynamics; bubble size; bubble growth (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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