Unbalanced Voltage Compensation with Optimal Voltage Controlled Regulators and Load Ratio Control Transformer

Akito Nakadomari, Ryuto Shigenobu, Takeyoshi Kato, Narayanan Krishnan, Ashraf Mohamed Hemeida, Hiroshi Takahashi and Tomonobu Senjyu
Additional contact information
Akito Nakadomari: Department of Engineering, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara-cho, Nakagami, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan
Ryuto Shigenobu: Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Fukui 3-9-1, Bunkyo, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
Takeyoshi Kato: Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
Narayanan Krishnan: Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
Ashraf Mohamed Hemeida: Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Energy Engineering, Aswan University, Aswan 81528, Egypt
Hiroshi Takahashi: Fuji Electric Co., Ltd., Tokyo 191-8506, Japan
Tomonobu Senjyu: Department of Engineering, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara-cho, Nakagami, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan

Energies, 2021, vol. 14, issue 11, 1-18

Abstract: Penetration of equipment such as photovoltaic power generations (PV), heat pump water heaters (HP), and electric vehicles (EV) introduces voltage unbalance issues in distribution systems. Controlling PV and energy storage system (ESS) outputs or coordinated EV charging are investigated for voltage unbalance compensation. However, some issues exist, such as dependency on installed capacity and fairness among consumers. Therefore, the ideal way to mitigate unbalanced voltages is to use grid-side equipment mainly. This paper proposes a voltage unbalance compensation based on optimal tap operation scheduling of three-phase individual controlled step voltage regulators (3 ϕ SVR) and load ratio control transformer (LRT). In the formulation of the optimization problem, multiple voltage unbalance metrics are comprehensively included. In addition, voltage deviations, network losses, and coordinated tap operations, which are typical issues in distribution systems, are considered. In order to investigate the mutual influence among voltage unbalance and other typical issues, various optimization problems are formulated, and then they are compared by numerical simulations. The results show that the proper operation of 3 ϕ SVRs and LRT effectively mitigates voltage unbalance. Furthermore, the results also show that voltage unbalances and other typical issues can be improved simultaneously with appropriate formulations.

Keywords: distribution system; load ratio control transformer; optimal scheduling; step voltage regulator; voltage unbalance (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (6)

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/11/2997/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/11/2997/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:11:p:2997-:d:559848

Access Statistics for this article

Energies is currently edited by Ms. Agatha Cao

More articles in Energies from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().