A Component-Sizing Methodology for a Hybrid Electric Vehicle Using an Optimization Algorithm

Kiyoung Kim, Namdoo Kim, Jongryeol Jeong, Sunghwan Min, Horim Yang, Ram Vijayagopal, Aymeric Rousseau and Suk Won Cha
Additional contact information
Kiyoung Kim: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
Namdoo Kim: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
Jongryeol Jeong: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
Sunghwan Min: Hyundai Motor Company, 772-1 Jangduk-dong, Hwasung-si 445706, Gyunggi-do, Korea
Horim Yang: Hyundai Motor Company, 772-1 Jangduk-dong, Hwasung-si 445706, Gyunggi-do, Korea
Ram Vijayagopal: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
Aymeric Rousseau: Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
Suk Won Cha: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea

Energies, 2021, vol. 14, issue 11, 1-15

Abstract: Many leading companies in the automotive industry have been putting tremendous effort into developing new powertrains and technologies to make their products more energy efficient. Evaluating the fuel economy benefit of a new technology in specific powertrain systems is straightforward; and, in an early concept phase, obtaining a projection of energy efficiency benefits from new technologies is extremely useful. However, when carmakers consider new technology or powertrain configurations, they must deal with a trade-off problem involving factors such as energy efficiency and performance, because of the complexities of sizing a vehicle’s powertrain components, which directly affect its energy efficiency and dynamic performance. As powertrains of modern vehicles become more complicated, even more effort is required to design the size of each component. This study presents a component-sizing process based on the forward-looking vehicle simulator “Autonomie” and the optimization algorithm “POUNDERS”; the supervisory control strategy based on Pontryagin’s Minimum Principle (PMP) assures sufficient computational system efficiency. We tested the process by applying it to a single power-split hybrid electric vehicle to determine optimal values of gear ratios and each component size, where we defined the optimization problem as minimizing energy consumption when the vehicle’s dynamic performance is given as a performance constraint. The suggested sizing process will be helpful in determining optimal component sizes for vehicle powertrain to maximize fuel efficiency while dynamic performance is satisfied. Indeed, this process does not require the engineer’s intuition or rules based on heuristics required in the rule-based process.

Keywords: Autonomie; component sizing; forward-looking simulation; hybrid electric vehicle; optimization; Pontryagin’s Minimum Principle (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (5)

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