FEHCA: A Fault-Tolerant Energy-Efficient Hierarchical Clustering Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks

Ankur Choudhary, Santosh Kumar, Sharad Gupta, Mingwei Gong and Aniket Mahanti
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Ankur Choudhary: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun 248002, India
Santosh Kumar: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun 248002, India
Sharad Gupta: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun 248002, India
Mingwei Gong: Faculty of Science and Technology, Mathematics and Computing, Mount Royal University, Calgary, AB T3E 6K6, Canada
Aniket Mahanti: School of Computer Science, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand

Energies, 2021, vol. 14, issue 13, 1-21

Abstract: Technological advancements have led to increased confidence in the design of large-scale wireless networks that comprise small energy constraint devices. Despite the boost in technological advancements, energy dissipation and fault tolerance are amongst the key deciding factors while designing and deploying wireless sensor networks. This paper proposes a Fault-tolerant Energy-efficient Hierarchical Clustering Algorithm (FEHCA) for wireless sensor networks (WSNs), which demonstrates energy-efficient clustering and fault-tolerant operation of cluster heads (CHs). It treats CHs as no special node but equally prone to faults as normal sensing nodes of the cluster. The proposed scheme addresses some of the limitations of prominent hierarchical clustering algorithms, such as the randomized election of the cluster heads after each round, which results in significant energy dissipation; non-consideration of the residual energy of the sensing nodes while selecting cluster heads, etc. It utilizes the capability of vector quantization to partition the deployed sensors into an optimal number of clusters and ensures that almost the entire area to be monitored is alive for most of the network’s lifetime. This supports better decision-making compared to decisions made on the basis of limited area sensing data after a few rounds of communication. The scheme is implemented for both friendly as well as hostile deployments. The simulation results are encouraging and validate the proposed algorithm.

Keywords: WSN; energy efficiency; hierarchical clustering; fault tolerance (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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