System-Level Modeling and Thermal Simulations of Large Battery Packs for Electric Trucks

Anandh Ramesh Babu, Jelena Andric, Blago Minovski and Simone Sebben
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Anandh Ramesh Babu: Division of Vehicle Engineering and Autonomous Systems, Chalmers University of Technology, Chalmersplatsen 4, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
Jelena Andric: Division of Vehicle Engineering and Autonomous Systems, Chalmers University of Technology, Chalmersplatsen 4, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
Blago Minovski: Volvo Technology AB, Götaverksgatan 10, 417 55 Göteborg, Sweden
Simone Sebben: Division of Vehicle Engineering and Autonomous Systems, Chalmers University of Technology, Chalmersplatsen 4, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden

Energies, 2021, vol. 14, issue 16, 1-15

Abstract: Electromobility has gained significance over recent years and the requirements on the performance and efficiency of electric vehicles are growing. Lithium-ion batteries are the primary source of energy in electric vehicles and their performance is highly dependent on the operating temperature. There is a compelling need to create a robust modeling framework to drive the design of vehicle batteries in the ever-competitive market. This paper presents a system-level modeling methodology for thermal simulations of large battery packs for electric trucks under real-world operating conditions. The battery pack was developed in GT-SUITE, where module-to-module discretization was performed to study the thermal behavior and temperature distribution within the pack. The heat generated from each module was estimated using Bernardi’s expression and the pack model was calibrated for thermal interface material properties under a heat-up test. The model evaluation was performed for four charging/discharging and cooling scenarios typical for truck operations. The results show that the model accurately predicts the average pack temperature, the outlet coolant temperature and the state of charge of the battery pack. The methodology developed can be integrated with the powertrain and passenger cabin cooling systems to study complete vehicle thermal management and/or analyze different battery design choices.

Keywords: lithium-ion battery; battery pack modeling; module discretized thermal simulation; electric truck (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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