Potential of Using Medium Electric Vehicle Fleet in a Commercial Enterprise Transport in Germany on the Basis of Real-World GPS Data

Robert Pietracho, Christoph Wenge, Stephan Balischewski, Pio Lombardi, Przemyslaw Komarnicki, Leszek Kasprzyk and Damian Burzyński
Additional contact information
Robert Pietracho: Institute for Electrical Engineering, University of Applied Science Magdeburg, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany
Christoph Wenge: Fraunhofer Institute for Factory Operation and Automation IFF, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
Stephan Balischewski: Fraunhofer Institute for Factory Operation and Automation IFF, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
Pio Lombardi: Fraunhofer Institute for Factory Operation and Automation IFF, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
Przemyslaw Komarnicki: Fraunhofer Institute for Factory Operation and Automation IFF, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
Leszek Kasprzyk: Institute of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, Poznan University of Technology, 60965 Poznan, Poland
Damian Burzyński: Institute of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, Poznan University of Technology, 60965 Poznan, Poland

Energies, 2021, vol. 14, issue 17, 1-23

Abstract: The intensive electrification of the automotive sector means that the energy system must be able to adapt to the current market situation. The increase in energy demand is a major factor associated with electric vehicles. The study analyzed the operation of a grid-connected facility operating a vehicle fleet providing transport services in the region Halle/Saale, Germany. Measurement data were used in the analysis, including global positioning system data of the vehicles and technical data, including average fuel consumption on a given route section, daily load demand of the industrial facility, and energy generation from photovoltaics. This paper shows the impact of using a battery electric vehicles (BEVs) fleet in the load distribution for the industrial facility considered. The NEDC energy consumption profile for the Nissan e-NV200 were used in this study. Furthermore, the paper presented simulation results allowing one to determine the usage potential, energy demand, and consumption of EVs using real data, reliably representing the processes related to EV daily use. The measurement data were captured using available specialized equipment: Dako-Key (GPS data), PV power generation (Siemens 7KM PAC4200), and load (Janitza UMG 604-Pro) in September, 2018. On this basis, it is possible to identify the effects and variations in load on the power grid during the replacement of combustion vehicle fleets used currently by EVs for the provision of transport services. Three models were presented, making it possible to calculate changes in energy demand for each scenario. In the first model, EVs were charged exclusively from the distribution network. In the second, the energy generation from a renewable source was considered and the possibility of compensating the energy demand of the vehicles from this source was demonstrated. In the third model, the daily load profile and the period of maximum load in the electricity grid were considered. The results are presented in graphical and tabular form. Finally, the potential of using an EV fleet to increase the functionality of a modern industry object was determined and discussed. Based on data for the adopted scenarios, electrification of transport can increase demand for energy by 40.9% for individual enterprises. The electrification of the automotive sector will increase the instantaneous energy demand of businesses, forcing the integration of renewable energy sources during designing new invests.

Keywords: electric vehicle fleet; EV charging profile; EV fleet; GPS fleet data; grid services; Matlab fleet 2020 data; PV (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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