At what Pressure Shall CO 2 Be Transported by Ship? An in-Depth Cost Comparison of 7 and 15 Barg Shipping

Simon Roussanaly, Han Deng, Geir Skaugen and Truls Gundersen
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Simon Roussanaly: SINTEF Energy Research, Sem Sælandsvei 11, NO-7465 Trondheim, Norway
Han Deng: SINTEF Energy Research, Sem Sælandsvei 11, NO-7465 Trondheim, Norway
Geir Skaugen: SINTEF Energy Research, Sem Sælandsvei 11, NO-7465 Trondheim, Norway
Truls Gundersen: Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Kolbjørn Hejes Vei 1B, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway

Energies, 2021, vol. 14, issue 18, 1-27

Abstract: The pipeline has historically been the preferred means to transport CO 2 due to its low cost for short distances and opportunities for economies of scale. However, interest in vessel-based transport of CO 2 is growing. While most of the literature has assumed that CO 2 shipping would take place at low pressure (at 7 barg and −46 °C), the issue of identifying best transport conditions, in terms of pressure, temperature, and gas composition, is becoming more relevant as ship-based carbon capture and storage chains move towards implementation. This study focuses on an in-depth comparison of the two primary and relevant transport pressures, 7 and 15 barg, for annual volumes up to 20 MtCO 2 /year and transport distances up to 2000 km. We also address the impact of a number of key factors on optimal transport conditions, including (a) transport between harbours versus transport to an offshore site, (b) CO 2 pressure prior to conditioning, (c) the presence of impurities and of purity constraints, and (d) maximum feasible ship capacities for the 7 and 15 barg options. Overall, we have found that 7 barg shipping is the most cost-efficient option for the combinations of distance and annual volume where transport by ship is the cost-optimal means of transport. Furthermore, 7 barg shipping can enable significant cost reductions (beyond 30%) compared to 15 barg shipping for a wide range of annual volume capacities.

Keywords: carbon capture and storage; CO 2 transport; CO 2 shipping; optimal transport pressure; techno-economic (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (5)

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