Anaerobic Digestion of Blood from Slaughtered Livestock: A Review

Tasnia Hassan Nazifa, Noori M. Cata Saady, Carlos Bazan, Sohrab Zendehboudi, Adnan Aftab and Talib M. Albayati
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Tasnia Hassan Nazifa: Department of Civil Engineering, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1B 3X5, Canada
Noori M. Cata Saady: Department of Civil Engineering, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1B 3X5, Canada
Carlos Bazan: Department of Civil Engineering, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1B 3X5, Canada
Sohrab Zendehboudi: Department of Process Engineering, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1B 3X5, Canada
Adnan Aftab: Western Australia School of Mines: Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, Kensington, WA 6151, Australia
Talib M. Albayati: Chemical Engineering Department, University of Technology, Baghdad 10071, Iraq

Energies, 2021, vol. 14, issue 18, 1-26

Abstract: Blood from livestock slaughtering imposes a high organic pollution load and risks. If it is discharged untreated to sewer systems, it increases the organic pollution load on wastewater treatment plants by 35–50%. This paper reviews blood anaerobic digestion. It analyzes the quantities, composition, methane potential reported, microbiology, biochemical pathways of blood protein degradation, environmental and health issues, and strategies suggested to manage them during livestock blood anaerobic digestion. Although challenging, anaerobic digestion of blood as a mono-substrate is possible if the culture-reactor system is controlled based on a complete characterization and understanding of the microbial community and its metabolic activities. Co-digestion of blood and other feedstock proceeds well if the mixtures are well designed. Generally, the specific methane yield from digesting blood alone ranges between zero and 0.45 m 3 kg −1 protein, whereas for co-digesting blood and other substrates, the yield varies between 0.1 and 0.7 m 3 kg −1 volatile solids. More research is required for microbiology and kinetics, the role of adsorbents, reactor configuration, and culture adaptation during anaerobic digestion of blood to better control the process.

Keywords: blood; livestock blood; slaughterhouse waste; protein; anaerobic digestion; biogas (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

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