Holistic 1D Electro-Thermal Model Coupled to 3D Thermal Model for Hybrid Passive Cooling System Analysis in Electric Vehicles

Danial Karimi, Hamidreza Behi, Mohsen Akbarzadeh, Joeri Van Mierlo and Maitane Berecibar
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Danial Karimi: Research Group MOBI—Mobility, Logistics, and Automotive Technology Research Centre, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
Hamidreza Behi: Research Group MOBI—Mobility, Logistics, and Automotive Technology Research Centre, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
Mohsen Akbarzadeh: Research Group MOBI—Mobility, Logistics, and Automotive Technology Research Centre, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
Joeri Van Mierlo: Research Group MOBI—Mobility, Logistics, and Automotive Technology Research Centre, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
Maitane Berecibar: Research Group MOBI—Mobility, Logistics, and Automotive Technology Research Centre, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium

Energies, 2021, vol. 14, issue 18, 1-20

Abstract: Thermal management is the most vital element of electric vehicles (EV) to control the maximum temperature of module/pack for safety reasons. This paper presents a novel passive thermal management system (TMS) composed of a heat sink (HS) and phase change materials (PCM) for lithium-ion capacitor (LiC) technology under the premise that the cell is cycled with a continuous 150 A fast charge/discharge current rate. The experiments are validated against numerical analysis through a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. For this purpose, a comprehensive electro-thermal model based on an equivalent circuit model (ECM) is designed. The designed electro-thermal model combines the ECM model with the thermal model since the performance of the LiC cell highly depends on the temperature. Then, the robustness of the model is evaluated using a precise second-order ECM. The extracted parameters of the electro-thermal model are verified by the experimental results in which the voltage and temperature errors are less than ±5% and ±4%, respectively. Finally, the thermal performance of the HS-assisted PCM TMS is studied under the fast charge/discharge current rate. The 3D CFD results exhibit that the temperature of the LiC when using the PCM-HS as the cooling system was reduced by 38.3% (34.1 °C) compared to the natural convection case study (55.3 °C).

Keywords: electro-thermal model; thermal management system; phase change material; heat sink; electric vehicles (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (6)

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